member of American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Member Association of Clinical Research Professionals Member East African Chapter of the Association of Clinical Research Professionals Founding Member Kenya Medical Association Member Kenya Paediatric Association Member Board of Management Catholic University of Eastern Africa (CUEA) Member 2007 - 2010 Board of Management of the Uzima College of Health Sciences Member 2007 - 2010 External Scientific Advisory Committee (ESAC) Vice Chair 2008 - 2009 Expert Committee on Clinical Trials Kenya (ECCT) Member - 2007 KEMRI Parasitic Diseases Committee Member - 2005 National Malaria Technical Committee, Kenya Member - 2002
attended event American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Annual Meeting 2004 - 2013 MIM Conference - 2013 Multilateral Initiative on Malaria (MIM) Conference 2008 - 2009
selected publications abstract Anticonvulsants in severe childhood malaria 2002 Role of phenytoin in severe malaria management. 2002 A comparison of rectal diazepam and paraldehyde in the treatment of acute convulsions in a District Hospital. 2001 Pharmacokinetics of phenytoin and fosphenytoin sodium in children with severe malaria and convulsions 2001 Pharmacokinetics of intravenous diazepam in children with severe malaria 2000 Pharmacokinetics of phenytoin in children with severe malaria 2000 The role of drug level monitoring in the management of seizures in severe malaria 2000 academic article Building capability for clinical pharmacology research in sub-Saharan Africa. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics . 786-795. 2017 Longitudinal estimation of plasmodium falciparum prevalence in relation to malaria prevention measures in six sub-Saharan African countries. Malaria Journal. 2017 Molecular markers of anti-malarial drug resistance in Central, West and East African children with severe malaria. Malaria Journal. 2017 Open-source mobile digital platform for clinical trial data collection in low-resource settings. BMJ Innovations. 2017 Partial HIV C2V3 envelope sequence analysis reveals association of coreceptor tropism, envelope glycosylation and viral genotypic variability among Kenyan patients on HAART. Virology Journal. 2017 Phase 2a, open-label, 4-escalating-dose, randomized multicenter study evaluating the safety and activity of Ferroquine (SSR97193) Plus Artesunate, versus Amodiaquine Plus Artesunate, in African adult men with uncomplicated plasmodium falciparum malaria.. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2017 Plasma nevirapine concentrations predict virological and adherence failure in Kenyan HIV-1 infected patients with extensive antiretroviral treatment exposure. Public Library of Science (PLoS One). 12. 2017 Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite var gene expression is modified by host antibodies: longitudinal evidence from controlled infections of Kenyan adults with varying natural exposure. BMC Health Services Research Journal. 2017 Safety and efficacy of SAR97276A for treating malaria: two open-label multicenter phase II clinical studies in African children and adults.. BMJ Global Health. 2017 Safety and efficacy of the choline analogue SAR97276 for malaria treatment: results of two phase 2, open-label, multi-center trials in African patients. Malaria Journal. 2017 The quest for building laboratory capacity to support controlled human malaria infection (CHMI) studies in sub-Saharan Africa: experience with five sites. British Medical Journal Open . 2017 A multinational trial of Prasugrel for sickle cell vaso-occlusive events 2016 Adenovirus type 35-vectored tuberculosis vaccine has an acceptable safety and tolerability profile in healthy, BCG-vaccinated, QuantiFERON-TB Gold (+) Kenyan adults without evidence of tuberculosis.. Vaccine Journal. 2016 Changes in serological immunology measures in UK and Kenyan adults post-controlled human malaria infection. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2016 Comparison of artesunate-mefloquine and artemether-lumefantrine fixed-dose combinations for treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in children younger than 5 years in sub-Saharan Africa: a randomised, multicentre, phase 4 trial. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2016 Field evaluation of diagnostic performance of malaria rapid diagnostic tests in western Kenya. Malaria Journal. 2016 Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and reduced haemoglobin levels in African children with severe malaria. Malaria Journal. 2016 Intramuscular artesunate for severe malaria in African children: a multicenter randomized controlled trial. PLoS Medicine. 2016 Multi-country evaluation of safety of dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine post-licensure in African public hospitals with electrocardiograms. Public Library of Science (PLoS One). 2016 Safety and immunogenicity of RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine in infants and children with WHO stage 1 or 2 HIV disease: a randomised, double-blind, controlled trial. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2016 Seeking treatment for uncomplicated malaria: experiences from the Kintampo districts of Ghana. Malaria Journal. 2016 Treatment outcomes in a safety observational study of dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine (Eurartesim) in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria at public health facilities in four African countries. Malaria Journal. 2016 Using health and demographic surveillance systems for teratovigilance in Africa. The Lancet Global Health. 2016 Adult psychotic symptoms, their associated risk factors and changes in prevalence in men and women over a decade in a poor rural district of Kenya. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 12:5310-5328. 2015 Alcohol consumption and hazardous drinking in western Kenya- a household survey in a health and demographic surveillance site. BMC Psychiatry. 2015 Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptom self-report in adults in Kenya and its associated risk factors, an analysis from a household survey in a demographic surveillance site. Global Mental Health. 2015 Characterization of Plasmodium ovale curtisi and P. ovale wallikeri in western Kenya utilizing a novel species-specific real-time PCR assay. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 2015 Clinical determinants of early parasitological response to ACTs in African patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria: a literature review and meta-analysis of individual patient data. BMC Medicine. 2015 Co-infection burden of hepatitis C virus and Human Immunodeficiency Virus among Injecting heroin users at the Kenyan coast. Public Library of Science (PLoS One). 10. 2015 Common mental disorder in Nyanza province, Kenya in 2013 and its associated risk factors - an assessment of change since 2004, using a repeat household survey in a demographic surveillance site. BMC Psychiatry. 2015 Comparison of azithromycin plus chloroquine versus artemether-lumefantrine for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in children in Africa: a randomized, open-label study. Malaria Journal. 2015 Correlates of adherence and treatment failure among Kenyan patients on long-term highly active anti-retroviral therapy . AIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. 69. 2015 Efficacy and safety of RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine with or without a booster dose in infants and children in Africa: final results of a phase 3, individually randomised, controlled trial. The Lancet Journal. 2015 Evaluating controlled human malaria infection in Kenyan adults with varying degrees of Prior Exposure to Plasmodium falciparum using sporozoites administered by intramuscular injection. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2015 Feasibility and cost of using mobile phones for capturing drug safety information in peri-urban settlement in Ghana: a prospective cohort study of patients with uncomplicated malaria. Malaria Journal. 2015 Genetic diversity and protective efficacy of the RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine. New England Journal of Medicine. 2015 Genotypic variability of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase gene from long-term antiretroviral-experienced patients in Kenya. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses. 2015 HIV-1 subtype diversity based on envelope C2V3 sequences from Kenyan patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses. 2015 Immunogenicity of the RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine and implications for duration of vaccine efficacy: secondary analysis of data from a phase 3 randomised controlled trial. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2015 Increased sample volume and use of quantitative reverse-transcription PCR can improve prediction of liver-to-blood inoculum size in controlled human malaria infection studies. Malaria Journal. 2015 Increased systemic exposures of artemether and dihydroartemisinin in infants under 5 kg with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria treated with artemether-lumefantrine (Coartem). Malaria Journal. 2015 Lessons learnt from the first controlled human malaria infection study conducted in Nairobi, Kenya. Malaria Journal. 2015 Oral lipid-based nanoformulation of tafenoquine enhanced bioavailability and blood stage antimalarial efficacy and led to a reduction in human red blood cell loss in mice. International Journal of Nanomedicine. 2015 P17.38 Plasma drug levels of nevirapine predict virological response in patients receiving treatment in Kenyan hospitals. BMC Sexually Transmitted Infections. 2015 Prevalence of malaria parasites in adults and its determinants in malaria endemic area of Kisumu county, Kenya. Malaria Journal. 2015 Probable post traumatic stress disorder in Kenya and its associated risk factors: a cross-sectional household survey. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2015 Prospective observational study to evaluate the clinical safety of the fixed-dose artemisinin-based combination Eurartesim (dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine), in public health facilities in Burkina Faso, Mozambique, Ghana, and Tanzania. Malaria Journal. 2015 Provider compliance to artemisinin-based combination therapy at primary health care facilities in the middle belt of Ghana. Malaria Journal. 2015 Severe malaria in children leads to a significant impairment of transitory otoacoustic emissions--a prospective multicenter cohort study. BMC Medicine. 2015 Tedium vitae, death wishes, suicidal ideation and attempts in Kenya-prevalence and risk factors health behavior, health promotion and society. BMC Public Health. 2015 Temporal trends in prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum molecular markers selected for by artemether-lumefantrine treatment in pre-ACT and post-ACT parasites in western Kenya. International Journal of Parasitology : Drugs and Drug Resistance. 2015 The effect of dose on the antimalarial efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine: a systematic review and pooled analysis of individual patient data. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2015 Use of antimalarial in the management of fever during a community survey in the Kintampo districts of Ghana. Public Library of Science (PLoS One). 2015 Correlates of adherence and antiretroviral treatment failure in HIV-1 infected Kenyan patients. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses. 2014 Development, characterization and antimalarial efficacy of dihydroartemisinin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles. International Journal of Nanomedicine. 3865-3874. 2014 Efficacy and Safety of the RTS,S/AS01 Malaria Vaccine during 18 Months after Vaccination: A Phase 3 Randomized, Controlled Trial in Children and Young Infants at 11 African Sites. PLoS Medicine. 2014 Efficacy and safety of a combination of azithromycin and chloroquine for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in two multi-country randomised clinical trials in African adults. Malaria Journal. 2014 Efficacy and safety of artemether-lumefantrine and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine in the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Kenyan children aged less than five years: results of an open-label, randomized, single-centre study. Malaria Journal. 2014 Fixed dose artesunate amodiaquine - a phase IIb, randomized comparative trial with non-fixed artesunate amodiaquine. Malaria Journal. 2014 Health & demographic surveillance system profile: the Kombewa health and demographic surveillance system (Kombewa HDSS). International Journal of Epidemiology. 2014 Longitudinal study on Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte carriage following artemether-lumefantrine administration in a cohort of children aged 12 - 47 months living in Western Kenya, a high transmission area. Malaria Journal. 2014 Pharmacokinetic evaluation of intravenous artesunate in adults with uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Kenya: A phase II study. Malaria Journal. 2014 Polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter and multidrug resistance 1 genes: parasite risk factors that affect treatment outcomes for P. falciparum malaria after artemether-lumefantrine and artesunateamodiaquine. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2014 Preparation, characterization, and optimization of primaquine-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles. International Journal of Nanomedicine. 3865-3874. 2014 Sample-ready multiplex qPCR assay for detection of malaria. Malaria Journal. 2014 The impact of clinical research activities on communities in rural Africa: the development of the Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro (CRUN) in Burkina Faso. Malaria Journal. 2014 Impact, challenges, and future projections of vaccine trials in Africa. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2013 Artemether and lumefantrine for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in sub-Saharan Africa. Expert Opinion in Pharmacotherapy. 2013 Controlled, parallel, cluster-randomized trial of community-wide screening and treatment of asymptomatic carriers of Plasmodium falciparum in Burkina Faso. Malaria Journal. 2013 Experience and challenges from clinical trials with malaria vaccines in Africa. Malaria Journal. 2013 Fosphenytoin for seizure prevention in childhood coma in Africa: a randomized clinical trial. Journal of Critical Care. 2013 Malaria mortality estimates: need for agreeable approach. Tropical Medicine and International Health. 2013 Misclassification of Plasmodium infections by conventional microscopy and the impact of remedial training on the proficiency of laboratory technicians in species identification. Malaria Journal. 2013 Results from tandem phase 1 studies evaluating the safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity of the vaccine candidate antigen Plasmodium falciparum FVO merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP1(42)) administered intramuscularly with adjuvant system AS01. Malaria Journal. 2013 A phase 3 trial of RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine in African infants. New England Journal of Medicine. 2012 Development of a TaqMan Allelic Discrimination Assay for detection of Single Nucleotides Polymorphisms associated with anti-malarial drug resistance. Malaria Journal. 2012 Mitigating the threat of artemisinin resistance in Africa: Improvement of drug-resistance surveillance and response systems. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2012 Community screening and treatment of asymptomatic carriers of Plasmodium falciparum with artemether-lumefantrine to reduce malaria disease burden: a modelling and simulation analysis. Malaria Journal. 2011 Development of standardized laboratory methods and quality processes for a phase III study of the RTS, S/AS01 candidate malaria vaccine. Malaria Journal. 2011 First results of phase 3 Trial of RTS,S/AS01 Malaria vaccine in African children. New England Journal of Medicine. 2011 Similar efficacy and safety of artemether-lumefantrine (Coartem) in African infants and children with uncomplicated falciparum malaria across different body weight ranges. Malaria Journal. 2011 Evaluation of recurrent Parasitemia after Artemether-Lumefantrine treatment for uncomplicated Malaria in children in Western Kenya. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2010 Global sequence variation in the histidine-rich proteins 2 and 3 of Plasmodium falciparum: implications for the performance of malaria rapid diagnostic tests. Malaria Journal. 2010 Impact of Plasmodium falciparum infection on haematological parameters in children living in Western Kenya. Malaria Journal. 2010 Sustainable development of a GCP-compliant clinical trials platform in Africa: the Malaria Clinical Trials Alliance perspective. Malaria Journal. 2010 The effect of food consumption on lumefantrine bioavailability in African children receiving artemether-lumefantrine crushed or dispersible tablets (Coartem) for acute uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Tropical Medicine and International Health. 2010 Treatment of asymptomatic carriers with artemether-lumefantrine: an opportunity to reduce the burden of malaria. Malaria Journal. 2010 Blood stage malaria vaccine eliciting high antigen-specific antibody concentrations confers no protection to young children in western Kenya. Public Library of Science (PLoS One). 2009 Evaluation of RTS,S/AS02A and RTS,S/AS01B in adults in a high malaria transmission area. Public Library of Science (PLoS One). 2009 Malaria management - progress made and challenges still to face. Malaria Journal. 2009 Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic considerations of Amodiaquine and Desethylamodiaquine in Kenyan adults with uncomplicated malaria receiving Artesunate-Amodiaquine combination therapy. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 2009 A randomized, open-label, comparative efficacy trial of artemether-lumefantrine suspension versus artemether-lumefantrine tablets for treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in children in western Kenya. Malaria Journal. 2008 Bullous erythema multiforme after treatment with Malarone, a combination antimalarial composed of atovaquone and proguanil hydrochloride. Tropical Doctor. 2008 Data safety and monitoring boards for African clinical trials. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2008 Efficacy and safety of artemether-lumefantrine dispersible tablets compared with crushed commercial tablets in African infants and children with uncomplicated malaria: a randomised, single-blind, multicentre trial. The Lancet Journal. 2008 Incidence and outcome of convulsive status epilepticus in Kenyan children: a cohort study. The Lancet Neurology. 2008 Malaria treatment with Atovaquone-proguanil in Malaria-Immune Adults: implications for malaria intervention trials and for pre-exposure prophylaxis of Malaria. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 2008 Pharmacokinetics and clinical efficacy of lorazepam in children with severe malaria and convulsions. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 65:12-21. 2008 Pharmacokinetics and clinical efficacy of midazolam in children with severe malaria and convulsions. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 2008 Pilot assessment of the sensitivity of the malaria thin film. Malaria Journal. 2008 The content of African diets is adequate to achieve optimal efficacy with fixed-dose artemether-lumefantrine: A review of the evidence. Malaria Journal. 7. 2008 Amodiaquine combined with sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine versus artemisinin-based combinations for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Africa: a meta-analysis. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2007 Burden, features, and outcome of neurological involvement in acute Falciparum malaria in Kenyan children. Journal of the American Medical Association. 2007 Establishing a malaria diagnostics centre of excellence in Kisumu, Kenya. Malaria Journal. 2007 Hb G-Philadelphia or Stanleyville II? When the phenotype and genotype do not agree. European Journal of Haematology. 2007 Hb Kenya among Luo adults and young children in malaria holoendemic Western Kenya: screened by high performance liquid chromatography and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction 2007 Implementation of a structured paediatric admission record for district hospitals in Kenya - results of a pilot study. BMC International Health and Human Rights. 2006 Safety and reactogenicity of an MSP-1 malaria vaccine candidate: a randomized phase Ib dose-escalation trial in Kenyan children. PLoS Clinical Trials. 2006 Systematic comparison of two methods to measure parasite density from malaria blood smears. Parasitology Research. 2006 Chloramphenicol pharmacokinetics in African children with severe malaria. Journal of Tropical Pediatrics. 52:239-243. 2005 Combination therapy in the treatment of malaria. East African Medical Journal. 82:385-386. 2005 Decorticate, decerebrate and opisthotonic posturing and seizures in Kenyan children with cerebral malaria. Malaria Journal. 2005 Determination of lorazepam in plasma from children by high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. Journal of Chromatography. 824:333-340. 2005 The role of sequential administration of sulphadoxine/pyrimethamine following quinine in the treatment of severe falciparum malaria in children. Tropical Medicine and International Health. 10:484-488. 2005 Towards an RTS,S-based, multi-stage, multi-antigen vaccine against falciparum malaria: progress at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. Vaccine Journal. 2005 Assessment of inpatient paediatric care in first referral level hospitals in 13 districts in Kenya. The Lancet Journal. 2004 Determination of paraldehyde by gas chromatography in whole blood from children. Journal of Chromatography B. 805:365-369. 2004 Management of seizures in children with Falciparum Malaria. Tropical Doctor. 2004 Selective and sensitive liquid chromatographic assay of amodiaquine and desethylamodiaquine in whole blood spotted on filter paper. Journal of Chromatography B. 799:173-177. 2004 Cerebral malaria: optimising management. CNS Drugs. 2003 Hypothetical performance of syndrome-based management of acute paediatric admissions of children aged more than 60 days in a Kenyan district hospital. Bulletin of the World Health Organization (WHO). 2003 Intention-to-treat analysis in the chronic suppurative otitis media trials. East Africa Medical Journal. 2003 Pharmacokinetics and clinical effect of phenobarbital in children with severe falciparum malaria and convulsions. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 56:453-458. 2003 Pharmacokinetics and clinical effects of phenytoin and fosphenytoin in children with severe malaria and convulsions. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 56:112-119. 2003 Pharmacokinetics and anticonvulsant effects of diazepam in children with severe falciparum malaria and convulsions. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 2002 Phenytoin pharmacokinetics and clinical effects in African children following fosphenytoin and chloramphenicol co-administration. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 54:635-642. 2002 High performance liquid chromatographic determination of diazepam in children with severe malaria. Journal of Chromatography B. 761:255-259. 2001 Successful double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled field trial of azithromycin and doxycycline as prophylaxis for malaria in western Kenya. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 1998 Azithromycin prophylaxis prevents epidemic dysentery. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 1996 chapter Management of prolonged seizures. International child health care: a practical manual for hospitals worldwide. 2002 Management of coma . International child health care: a practical manual for hospitals worldwide. Child Advocacy International. conference paper Antibody responses to hepatitis B surface antigen following administration of RTS, S/AS01 E to HIV infected African infants and children background and aims. American Society of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene. 2016 editorial article Malaria diagnosis 2005
reviewer of Clinical Pharmacology Journal (Journal) East Africa Medical Journal (Journal) New England Journal of Medicine (Journal) The Lancet Journal (Journal) Tropical Medicine and International Health (Journal) Vaccine Journal (Journal)
organizer of event Controlled Human Malaria Infection Studies - 2013 Clinical Trials Management - 2012 Nanotechnology Road Show - 2012 Malaria Diagnosis Training Workshops 2003 - 2010 Multilateral Initiative on Malaria (MIM) Conference - 2009 Pharmacogenetics of Drug Metabolising Enzymes - 2003 Pharmacokinetics and Herbal Medicines - 2003
education and training Ph.D. in Clinical Pharmacology, University of Nairobi M.Med. in Pediatrics, University of Nairobi 1995 - 1998 MB ChB Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery, University of Nairobi 1986 - 1991